brief: [14] Brief comes via Old French bref from Latin brevis ‘short’, which is probably related to Greek brakhús ‘short’, from which English gets the combining form brachy-, as in brachycephalic. Latin produced the nominal derivative breve ‘letter’, later ‘summary’, which came into English in the 14th century in the sense ‘letter of authority’ (German has brief simply meaning ‘letter’).
The notion of an ‘a(chǎn)bbreviation’ or ‘summary’ followed in the next century, and the modern legal sense ‘summary of the facts of a case’ developed in the 17th century. This formed the basis of the verbal sense ‘inform and instruct’, which is 19th-century. Briefs ‘underpants’ are 20th-century. The musical use of the noun breve began in the 15th century when, logically enough, it meant ‘short note’.
Modern usage, in which it denotes the longest note, comes from Italian breve. Other derivatives of brief include brevity [16], introduced into English via Anglo-Norman brevete; abbreviate [15], from late Latin abbreviāre (which is also the source, via Old French abregier, of abridge [14]); and breviary ‘book of church services’ [16], from Latin breviārium. => abbreviate, abridge, brevity
brief (adj.)
late 13c., from Latin brevis (adj.) "short, low, little, shallow," from PIE *mregh-wi-, from root *mregh-u- "short" (cognates: Greek brakhys "short," Old Church Slavonic bruzeja "shallow places, shoals," Gothic gamaurgjan "to shorten").
brief (n.)
from Latin breve (genitive brevis), noun derivative of adjective brevis (see brief (adj.)) which came to mean "letter, summary," specifically a letter of the pope (less ample and solemn than a bull), and thus came to mean "letter of authority," which yielded the modern, legal sense of "summary of the facts of a case" (1630s).
brief (v.)
"to give instructions or information to," 1866; originally "to instruct by a brief" (1862), from brief (n.). Related: Briefed; briefing.
雙語例句
1. A guide gives a brief talk on the history of the site.
導(dǎo)游簡(jiǎn)要地介紹了那個(gè)遺址的歷史。
來自柯林斯例句
2. Now please be brief — my time is valuable.
請(qǐng)長(zhǎng)話短說——我的時(shí)間寶貴。
來自柯林斯例句
3. This is a brief stop to take on passengers and water.
這是一次短暫停靠，上上客，加加水。
來自柯林斯例句
4. For a few brief minutes we forgot the anxiety and anguish.
短短幾分鐘我們就忘記了焦慮與苦惱。
來自柯林斯例句
5. She claims she had a brief fling with him 30 years ago.