drum是什么意思

drum

英 [dr?m] 美 [dr?m]

vt. 擊鼓；大力爭取
vi. 擊鼓；大力爭取
n. 鼓；鼓聲
n. (Drum)人名；(英)德拉姆；(德)德魯姆

中文詞源

drum 鼓

擬聲詞，模仿敲鼓的聲音。

英文詞源

drum: drum: [16] Belying the total lack of similarity between the instruments, drum, trumpet, and trombone seem to be closely related. Drum appears to be a shortening of a slightly earlier English word drumslade ‘drum, drummer’, which was borrowed from Low German trommelslag ‘drumbeat’. This was a compound noun formed from trommel ‘drum’ and slag ‘hit’ (related to English slay).

An alternative view is that English simply acquired the word from Middle Dutch tromme. Both these Germanic forms meant simply ‘drum’, but the picture becomes more complex with Middle High German tromme ‘drum’, for originally this had the sense ‘trumpet’, and what is more it had a variant form trumbe (its ancestor, Old High German trumpa, ultimate source of English trumpet and trombone, only meant ‘trumpet’).

So the picture that emerges is of a word that originally referred in a fairly undifferentiated way to any musical instrument that made a loud noise.
=> trombone, trumpet
drum (n.): 1540s, probably from Middle Dutch tromme "drum," common Germanic (compare German Trommel, Danish tromme, Swedish trumma), probably of imitative origin. Not common before 1570s. Slightly older, and more common at first, was drumslade, apparently from Dutch or Low German trommelslag. Machinery sense attested from 1740, from similarity of shape.
drum (v.): 1570s, from drum (n.). To drum (up) business, etc., is American English 1839, from the old way of drawing a crowd.

雙語例句

1. As he sang he kept time on a small drum.: 他邊唱邊和著節拍敲一個小鼓。

2. The trade secretary disagreed but promised to "bang the drum for industry".: 貿易部長并不同意，但是答應會“為產業界搖旗吶喊”。

3. The drum is one of the oldest musical instruments.: 鼓是最古老的樂器之一。

4. We've leafleted the university today to try to drum up some support.: 我們今天在大學散發了傳單，希望能爭取到支持。

5. The new government seemed rather hum-drum.: 新政府看起來平庸無能。

drum是什么意思

drum

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