minister是什么意思

minister

英 ['m?n?st?] 美 ['m?n?st?]

n. 部長；大臣；牧師
vi. 執(zhí)行牧師職務(wù)；輔助或伺候某人

中文詞源

minister 部長，大臣

來自古法語menistre,仆人，奴才，管家，臣子，來自拉丁語minister,仆人，下屬，下等人，來自minus,下等的，次等的，-ter,比較級后綴。后用于指現(xiàn)代政府的部長，大臣。比較marshall.

minister 部長，大臣

英文詞源

minister: minister: [13] Etymologically, a minister is a person of ‘lower’ status, a ‘servant’. The word goes back via Old French ministre to Latin minister ‘servant, attendant’, which was derived from minus ‘less’. It retained this meaning when it arrived in English, and indeed it still survives in the verb minister. But already by the Middle Ages a specialized application to a ‘church functionary’ had developed, and in the 16th century this hardened into the present-day ‘clergyman’.

The political sense of the word developed in the 17th century, from the notion of a ‘servant’ of the crown. Derivatives from other languages to have established themselves in English include métier [18], which came via French from Vulgar Latin *misterium, an alteration of Latin ministerium ‘service’ (source of English ministry [14]), and minstrel.

And etymologically, minister is the antonym of master, whose Latin ancestor was based on magis ‘more’.
=> métier, minstrel, minus
minister (v.): early 14c., "to perform religious rites, provide religious services;" mid-14c., "to serve (food or drink);" late 14c. "render service or aid," from Old French menistrer "to serve, be of service, administer, attend, wait on," and directly from Latin ministrare "to serve, attend, wait upon" (see minister (n.)). Related: Ministered; ministering.
minister (n.): c. 1300, "one who acts upon the authority of another," from Old French menistre "servant, valet, member of a household staff, administrator, musician, minstrel" (12c.), from Latin minister (genitive ministri) "inferior, servant, priest's assistant" (in Medieval Latin, "priest"), from minus, minor "less," hence "subordinate," (see minus) + comparative suffix *-teros. Formed on model of magister. Meaning "priest" is attested in English from early 14c. Political sense of "high officer of the state" is attested from 1620s, from notion of "service to the crown."

雙語例句

1. The Prime Minister has been briefed by her parliamentary aides.: 首相已聽取了她議會助手的簡要匯報。

2. The carpet was a wedding present from the Prime Minister.: 這張地毯是首相送的結(jié)婚禮物。

3. There is good news of a kind for the Prime Minister.: 對總理來說也算是有個好消息。

4. The Prime Minister has promised that Israel will play a constructive role.: 首相承諾以色列將發(fā)揮積極的作用。

5. He put the case to the Saudi Foreign Minister.: 他把這起事件向沙特外長作了說明。

minister是什么意思

minister

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