optimism是什么意思

optimism

英 ['?pt?m?z(?)m] 美 ['ɑpt?m?z?m]

optimism 最優主義，樂觀派

來自optimum,最優，最佳，-ism,主義，思想。比喻用法。

optimism: optimism: [18] Etymologically as well as semantically, optimism means hoping for ‘the best’. It was coined in French (as optimisme) in 1737 as a term for the doctrine of the German philosopher Leibnitz (1646–1716) that the world is as good as it could possibly be. It was based on Latin optimum (source also of English optimum [19]), the neuter case of optimus ‘best’. This may have been formed from the preposition ob ‘in front of’ and a superlative suffix.
optimism (n.): 1759 (in translations of Voltaire), from French optimisme (1737), from Modern Latin optimum, used by Gottfried Leibniz (in "Théodicée," 1710) to mean "the greatest good," from Latin optimus "the best" (see optimum). The doctrine holds that the actual world is the "best of all possible worlds," in which the creator accomplishes the most good at the cost of the least evil.
En termes de l'art, il l'appelle la raison du meilleur ou plus savamment encore, et Theologiquement autant que Géométriquement, le systême de l'Optimum, ou l'Optimisme. [Mémoires de Trévoux, Feb. 1737]
Launched out of philosophical jargon and into currency by Voltaire's satire on it in "Candide." General sense of "belief that good ultimately will prevail in the world" first attested 1841 in Emerson; meaning "tendency to take a hopeful view of things" first recorded 1819 in Shelley.

1. They have maintained their optimism in the face of desolating subjugation.: 面對遭征服的悲慘命運，他們保持了樂觀的態度。

3. Every day of sunshine strengthens the feelings of optimism.: 每天曬太陽讓人心情更加開朗。

4. Only time will tell whether Broughton's optimism is justified.: 只有時間會驗證布勞頓的樂觀是否合理。

5. As she spoke she felt a bubble of optimism rising inside her.: 當她講話時，她感到內心的樂觀情緒越來越高漲。