state是什么意思

state

英 [ste?t] 美 [stet]

n. 國家；州；情形
vt. 規(guī)定；聲明；陳述
adj. 國家的；州的；正式的
n. (State)人名；(羅、瑞典)斯塔特；(英)斯泰特

中文詞源

state 狀態(tài)，狀況，情況，陳述，說明，規(guī)定

來自拉丁語 status,位置，地方，站立姿勢，情況，狀況，公共秩序，過去分詞名詞格于 stare, 站立，來自 PIE*sta,站立，詞源同 stand.引申詞義陳述，說明，規(guī)定等。

英文詞源

state: state: [13] State comes, partly via Old French estat (source of English estate), from Latin status ‘way of standing, condition, position’, which was formed from the same base as stāre ‘stand’ (a distant relative of English stand). The word’s political sense, ‘body politic’, first recorded in the 16th century, comes from Latin expressions such as status rei publicae ‘condition of the republic’ and status civitatis ‘condition of the body politic’.

The verb state originally meant ‘put, place’; its modern meaning ‘declare’ arose from the notion of ‘placing’ something on record, setting it out in detail. English borrowed status itself in the 17th century.
=> estate, stand, station, statistic, statue; statute
state (n.1): c. 1200, "circumstances, position in society, temporary attributes of a person or thing, conditions," from Old French estat "position, condition; status, stature, station," and directly from Latin status "a station, position, place; way of standing, posture; order, arrangement, condition," figuratively "standing, rank; public order, community organization," noun of action from past participle stem of stare "to stand" from PIE root *sta- "to stand" (see stet). Some Middle English senses are via Old French estat (French état; see estate).

The Latin word was adopted into other modern Germanic languages (German, Dutch staat) but chiefly in the political senses only. Meaning "physical condition as regards form or structure" is attested from late 13c. Meaning "mental or emotional condition" is attested from 1530s (phrase state of mind first attested 1749); colloquial sense of "agitated or perturbed state" is from 1837.
He [the President] shall from time to time give to the Congress Information of the State of the Union, and recommend to their Consideration such Measures as he shall judge necessary and expedient. [U.S. Constitution, Article II, Section iii]
state (v.): 1590s, "to set in a position," from state (n.1); the sense of "declare in words" is first attested 1640s, from the notion of "placing" something on the record. Related: Stated; stating.
state (n.2): "political organization of a country, supreme civil power, government," c. 1300, from special use of state (n.1); this sense grew out of the meaning "condition of a country" with regard to government, prosperity, etc. (late 13c.), from Latin phrases such as status rei public? "condition (or existence) of the republic."

The sense of "a semi-independent political entity under a federal authority, one of the bodies politic which together make up a federal republic" is from 1774. The British North American colonies occasionally were called states as far back as 1630s; the States has been short for "the United States of America" since 1777; also of the Netherlands. State rights in U.S. political sense is attested from 1798; form states rights is first recorded 1858. Church and state have been contrasted from 1580s. State-socialism attested from 1850.

雙語例句

1. Kaspar had spoken know-ledgeably about the state of agriculture in Europe.: 卡斯帕對歐洲農(nóng)業(yè)狀況發(fā)表了一番頗有見地的見解。

2. The President's speeches are regularly reproduced verbatim in the state-run newspapers.: 總統(tǒng)的講話通常會被一字不差地刊登在國有報紙上。

3. Albania is a small nation state of around 3 million people.: 阿爾巴尼亞是一個大約有300萬人口的單一民族獨立國家。

4. Several proposals are under consideration by the state assembly.: 有幾個提案州議會正在討論中。

5. The final word will still come from the Secretary of State.: 最后仍然要由國務(wù)卿來定奪。

state是什么意思

state

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