tear是什么意思

tear

英 [t??] 美 [t?r]

n. 眼淚, （撕破的）洞或裂縫, 撕扯
vt. 撕掉, 扯下, 擾亂
vi. 流淚, 撕破
n. (Tear)人名；(英)蒂爾

中文詞源

tear 眼淚

來自古英語 tear,眼淚，來自 Proto-Germanic*tagr,眼淚，來自 PIE*dakru,眼淚，詞源同 lachrymose, 流淚的。字母 d,l 音變，中間字母 g 脫落。

tear 撕裂，撕碎

來自古英語teran,撕碎，撕扯，來自Proto-Germanic*teran,撕碎，撕扯，來自PIE*der,撕開，皮膚，詞源同dermis,dermotology,turd.可能來自PIE*da,分開，詞源同deal,time.

英文詞源

tear: tear: English has two separate words tear, both of ancient ancestry. The sort of tear that one weeps [OE] goes back (together with its Germanic relatives German tr?ne, Dutch traan, Swedish t?r, and Danish taare) to prehistoric Indo- European *dakru-, a word of uncertain origin which also produced Welsh deigryn and Latin lacrima (source of English lachrymal [16] and lachrymose [17]). Tear ‘rip’ [OE] comes from an Indo- European base *der- ‘tear’, which also produced Russian drat’ and Polish drze? ‘tear’.

The base *der- denoted the concept of ‘flaying’ as well as ‘tearing’, in which sense it produced English turd and Greek dérma ‘skin’ (source of English dermatitis, epidermis, etc).
=> lachrymose; dermatitis, epidermis, turd
tear (n.1): "fluid drop from the eye," Old English tear "tear, drop, nectar, what is distilled in drops," from earlier teahor, t?hher, from Proto-Germanic *tahr-, *tagr- (cognates: Old Norse, Old Frisian tar, Old High German zahar, German Z?hre, Gothic tagr "tear"), from PIE *dakru- (cognates: Latin lacrima, Old Latin dacrima, Irish der, Welsh deigr, Greek dakryma). To be in tears "weeping" is from 1550s. Tear gas first recorded 1917.
tear (n.2): "act of ripping or rending," 1660s, from tear (v.1). Old English had ter (n.) "tearing, laceration, thing torn."
tear (v.1): "pull apart," Old English teran "to tear, lacerate" (class IV strong verb; past tense t?r, past participle toren), from Proto-Germanic *teran (cognates: Old Saxon terian, Middle Dutch teren "to consume," Old High German zeran "to destroy," German zehren, Gothic ga-tairan "to tear, destroy"), from PIE *der- (2) "to split, peel, flay," with derivatives referring to skin and leather (cognates: Sanskrit drnati "cleaves, bursts," Greek derein "to flay," Armenian terem "I flay," Old Church Slavonic dera "to burst asunder," Breton darn "piece").

The Old English past tense survived long enough to get into Bible translations as tare before giving place 17c. to tore, which is from the old past participle toren. Sense of "to pull by force" (away from some situation or attachment) is attested from late 13c. To be torn between two things (desires, loyalties, etc.) is from 1871.
tear (v.2): early 15c., "shed tears," 1650s, "fill with tears" mainly in American English, from tear (n.1). Related: Teared; tearing. Old English verb t?herian, tearian "to weep" did not survive into Middle English.

雙語例句

1. I stared at the man, couldn't tear my eyes away.: 我盯著那個人看，視線無法移開。

2. The city will tear down the building and create a park.: 該市將拆掉這幢大樓，在這兒建個公園。

3. A muscle tear will leave a scar after healing.: 肌肉撕裂復原后會留下疤痕。

4. I peered through a tear in the van's curtains.: 我通過篷車簾子的破洞窺視。

5. Troops used tear gas and rifle butts to break up the protests.: 軍隊使用催淚瓦斯和槍托驅散示威者。

tear是什么意思

tear

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